This paper discussed the application of Four-Dimensional Building Information Modelling (4D BIM) in enhancing modular and prefabricated construction practices in Nigeria. Conventional cast-in-situ methods dominate the Nigerian construction industry, resulting in extended project timelines, inconsistent quality and high labor demands. Industrialized Building Systems (IBS), such as precast waalls, slabs and beams, offer off-site fabrication that reduces reliance on on-site skilled labor and mitigates environmental disruptions. The paper explores how 4D BIM integrates design, scheduling, cost estimation and operational planning to coordinate modular workflows, improve accuracy and reduce rework during assembly. Empirical evidence from Nigerian projects identifies gains in labor productivity, adherence to project schedules and material efficiency when precast and modular methods are supported by digital modeling. Emerging technologies such as cloud-based collaboration, unmanned aerial vehicles, IoT and AI enhance monitoring, resource tracking and sequencing of prefabricated components. Challenges affecting adoption include high initial investment costs, limited technical expertise, fragmented coordination, unreliable power supply and uneven access to digital infrastructure. Government regulations, such as the National Building Code and Lagos State planning policies, provide a framework for adopting IBS and digital practices, while international firms have influenced local standards. Phased adoption of 4D BIM, targeted professional training, curriculum integration in tertiary education and pilot projects to demonstrate practical benefits were seen as measures to enhance optimisation. The paper stressed that the convergence of IBS, modular construction and 4D BIM can improve efficiency, reduce waste, strengthen energy performance and support sustainable construction practices in Nigeria. Rape